Teacher Recruitment Scams in India: Legal Reforms for Fair Government Jobs

The central and state governments of India conduct teacher recruitment fairly every year. Yet notable and infamous government teacher recruitment scams in India breach public trust and downgrade the image of government jobs.

It has become difficult for courts, central and state governments, and directorates to articulate punitive measures that are effective to a great extent.

They have enacted laws and regulations to ensure the smooth and transparent conduct of examinations and recruitment processes. Several committees are also formed to ensure practices that amount to the cancellation of examinations.

This article explains how the entire framework functions to enable fair and peaceful recruitments. It also examines how scams leave a powerful impact on people and how authorities have worked meticulously to denude its frequent occurrence.

Legal Framework and Institutional Reforms

The Constitution of India has laid down several provisions and articles according to which Indian government jobs are provided. Examinations for these jobs are conducted according to these provisions. Such formulated laws protect all candidates appearing for exams against any kind of discrimination.

Because of law enactments, eligible candidates are provided unbiased employment. These provisions for public employment vis-a-vis teacher recruitment to government schools enumerated in the Constitution are:
Article 14- This article is about equality before law
Article 15- Article 15 prevents discrimination based on caste, age, gender or religion and allows reservations for disadvantaged groups
Article 16– This article guarantees equal opportunity in public employment.
Articles 309 to 311- Empower governments to frame rules and regulations for public servants, including teacher recruitment and their services

Laws by the Constitution of India

Along with the above-mentioned articles enumerated in the Constitution of India, there are central laws, regulations and State-specific recruitment rules designed to bring government teaching exams on par with equality and fair practices. Some of the most important and worthy to mention here are:

1. Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009:

The RTE Act is the principal law governing the teacher recruitment and elementary schools for classes 1 to 8. The Act mentions that Government and aided schools must constitute School Management Committees composed of parents, teachers and local representatives. Teachers, specifically, play a pivotal role in this system according to the Act. Their duties mentioned in the Act are:

Maintain regular attendance
Assess learning progress
Communicate with parents
Avoid private tuitions (for teachers employed in schools under the Act)
Promote holistic development

The Act specifies qualifications that make teachers eligible for recruitment to government schools. These qualifications are recommended by the National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE):

Recognise teacher education qualifications such as graduation, post-graduation and B.Ed and Diploma in Education
Eligibility tests such as TET/CTET for graduate and postgraduate teachers
Teacher’s age should not exceed the specified criteria

2. NCTE Act 1993 and NCTE Regulations

The National Council for Teacher Education Act 1993 is the primary legislation that regulates teacher education in India. It dictates the entire mechanism of teaching, teachers, and the education system of India.

Aspirants gain teaching education to become eligible for government exams under the guidelines of the Act. This Act enables teachers to become qualified for schools of the state and central governments. The Act controls recruitment by ensuring the following:

Only candidates with NCTE-approved qualifications can appear for teacher recruitment exams.

Teacher education institutions meet uniform quality standards.
Recruitment authorities follow nationally prescribed qualification norms.

These laws, acts, and regulations are enacted by the government and concerned authorities to avoid any irregularity during the recruitment process of teachers. If any major mishap occurs, then state courts order punitive measures to bring justice to the affected candidates. Overall, the aim is to ensure the fair undertaking of recruitment processes.

What are some common recruitment scams in India?

We have here the examples of some of the major scams that unfortunately took place and how governments and courts took stringent steps to punish those involved in them:

1. Bengal Teacher Recruitment Scam:

The West Bengal School Service Commission scam is one of the major scams that was uncovered in 2022, and its investigation is still going on. Several high-profile officials were found to be involved in the fraudulent activities during the teacher recruitment process. They were the main perpetrators in allowing fake government jobs.

Because of these officers, candidates who did not qualify the exam were also successfully appointed as fake teachers of secondary and higher secondary schools. After hearing such discrepancies, the Calcutta High Court ordered an investigation by the Central Bureau of Investigation.

The Investigations were followed by the apprehension of education ministers and other concerned officers. Even their assets were attached by the Enforcement Directorate. Moreover, the Calcutta High Court and the Supreme Court subsequently invalidated thousands of appointments too.

2. Madhya Pradesh Fake Teacher Recruitment Scam:

In November 2025, it was exposed that fake teacher recruitments were made during the recruitment process in the Madhya Pradesh government schools. A Special Task Force (STF) led by the Director General of Police and the SP revealed that fake teachers were appointed using forged D.Ed. marksheets.

These marksheets were printed with the name of the Board of Secondary Education on them. The STF also alleged that the entire racket was managed by a gang that deliberately produces and supplies forged certificates to candidates seeking government employment.

This teacher recruitment case reportedly took place in Gwalior, Morena, Shivpuri, and Indore, where several teachers were working for years based on these counterfeit certificates. The STF thereafter filed an FIR against those accused under Section 420 (cheating), 468 (forgery for cheating), 471 (using fake documents), and 120-B (criminal conspiracy).

The FIR notes that those involved obtained government jobs as teachers through the connivance of certain education department officials who allegedly failed to verify their credentials at the time of scrutiny.

This matter of fake recruitments has sent shockwaves through the education ministries of all the Indian states, raising questions about the scrutiny procedure in teacher recruitments. The STF has vowed to trace the entire network.

3. Bihar Fake Teacher Recruitment Scam:

In July 2026, the government of Bihar had ordered an investigation of fake teacher appointments made between 2006 and 2015. The investigation came into the limelight of the Patna High Court, which proceeded with the ad hoc Vigilant Investigation Bureau to probe the matter.

The bureau investigated that a great number of irregularities were done during the specified period. These irregularities included fake caste certificates, forged Adhaar cards, and fabricated age and disability proofs and other unverified documents. The Bureau also seized counterfeit CTET/TET certificates during the probe. Based on these discrepancies, more than 3000 teachers had secured jobs during the specified period of 2006-2015.

The Bihar government took a drastic step of sacking all these teachers and ordered fresh teacher recruitments. The education minister commented on the mishap, “We have directed our department officials to take punitive measures. The Education Department will ensure that stringent steps will be taken and nobody will dare to indulge in such fraudulent activities.”

Court Orders

After such notable scams like WBSSC and the Bihar one, courts have repeatedly emphasised that public employment must comply with:

Article 14: Equality before law
Article 16: Equal opportunity in public employment

Courts have also directed recruitment authorities to:

Publish transparent merit lists.
Display OMR sheets and answer keys where appropriate.
Complete fresh recruitment within specified timelines
Follow statutory recruitment rules.

Government Actions

The government of India imposed several punishable measures according to the Indian Penal Code(IPC) for offences such as unverified marksheets, fake certificates and forged identity proofs. Some of these measures taken are:

1. State governments initiated criminal proceedings under laws such as:

The Prevention of Money Laundering Act of 2002
The Prevention of Corruption Act of 1988
Provisions related to cheating, forgery, criminal conspiracy and public corruption

2. Fresh recruitment processes:

Following judicial directions, several state governments initiated fresh recruitment drives after cancelling tainted appointments. In the West Bengal case, new recruitment notifications were issued within the time range ordered by the Supreme Court of India.

3. Strengthening recruitment procedures:

In response to repeated irregularities, government and recruitment agencies have increasingly adopted technical ways to improve the security of government exams. Some of these are:

Computer-based examinations
Biometric verification of candidates
Online publication of answer keys and merit lists
Enhanced document verification and audit mechanisms

Effective measures and regular audits of recruitment and employment systems such as the ones stated above are required to block every opportunity for fraudulent activities. These are crucial to improve the integrity of recruitment processes.

Conclusion

The judicial systems and government actions undertaken for these scams have played a pivotal role in safeguarding the constitutional principles of fairness, transparency, and equality in teacher recruitment examinations.

Through the cancellation of fake appointments, court-monitored investigations and directives for transparent selection processes, the judiciary has reinforced the rule of law in these unfortunate scandals.

At the same time, government actions such as criminal proceedings, prosecutions, fresh recruitment drives, asset attachment and procedural reforms reflect continuous efforts to revive public confidence.

Altogether, these measures underscore that corruption in teacher recruitment is not merely an administrative irregularity but a serious threat to educational quality, constitutional governance and public trust.

The Battle For Power And Prestige in Delhi Elections

Delhi elections are one of the most important state elections of India. It is because these elections decide the fate of Delhi. A competent government appointed through these elections would improve the infrastructure of Delhi. It is crucial for the service of not only the people of Delhi but also for the entire population of India.

Delhi hosts the capital city that houses a humongous population from all over the country. Over the years, its population has burgeoned significantly because the National Capital Region(NCR) has become a magnet of employment and livelihood. This makes Delhi as the central city for settlement. With this massive characteristic, Delhi has urbanised drastically as high class families live in posh neighbourhoods of slums that houses lower class workers and poor. The metropolitan city has given a vast space to live for families of all classes. This space enabled people from all classes to live in mixed localities.

High class families living cheek by jowl alongside slums where poor and lower class families live. Moreover, the metropolis is a hub of small businesses, factories and services that gave employment to migrants from the corners of India. These elements of Delhi gave rise to welfare issues. People strongly felt that their localities lack infrastructure that should be available to them at all cost. They hoped that a strong government will mitigate all kinds of lacklustre in their localities. That is why Delhi elections hold a more prestigious status than all the other state elections of India.

These elections of Delhi are mainly the battle among three large political parties- the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), the Congress and the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP). Congress lost its glory long-time back when the AAP took over the power in 2015. The losing party gave a huge hand in the development of Delhi. It brought major improvements in the education system, roads and transport services, and major welfare schemes. The schemes launched by Congress aimed to eradicate poverty in Delhi at the greatest level.

One of the most effective schemes was the Bhagidari Scheme by Sheila Dixit. This scheme was the first initiative that made Residents’ Welfare Associations(RWA) in Delhi part of local governance. This popular initiative enabled residents of Delhi to speak up about their problems. It involved people at the grassroots level in the decision-making initiatives.

The Congress government made such efforts in the improvisation of Delhi but people still chose another government of AAP. They lost hope in the Congress because of its bunch of corruption scams. As a result, The AAP government came to power in 2015 after defeating Sheila Dixit. It was to be headed by Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal.

Over the years, the government of AAP gained huge support from the people of Delhi. AAP continued to improvise Delhi that was undertaken from the Congress regime. It further changed the infrastructure of the union territory and introduced several measures to ease transport services. New metro routes were introduced and completed the pending work of metro services. The government also undertook measures to provide free services on basic necessities. It provided free electricity, water and houses to the lower class population of Delhi. People favoured AAP for two consecutive terms but their trust trembled in recent elections of 2025.

The prestige of Arvind Kejriwal’s AAP government shattered after various scandals of liquor policy scams, its ‘Sheesh Mahal’ bungalow and failure in fulfilling promises. In recent elections, these issues were highlighted by BJP to a great extent. As a result, the reputation of the AAP government was demolished and the BJP took advantage in its campaigns. BJP in its campaigns promised to provide the aid of Rs. 2500 to poor women under its Mahila Samridhi Yojana. This was BJP’s counter attack on AAP’s freebie schemes. Moreover, Modi in his campaign also promised smooth coordination between the Centre and Delhi, which was another factor that affirmed trust of BJP voters.

As a result, Delhi elections of 2025 emerged controversial as BJP bagged victory after its exile from the union territory. It returned to power after a long span of 27 years of exile. After much tussle, BJP appointed Rekha Gupta as the new CM of Delhi. She was a former leader of Delhi University’s Student Union who would face challenges in carrying-off promises made in the election manifesto.

People are now hopeful for her to take steps in cleaning Yamuna River in three years. Further it would be taking measures in clearing landfills all over the city. She also talked about distributing Rs. 2500 to all women of Delhi. BJP Delhi even got a clean-chit to implement its flagship scheme Aayushman (Bharat) Yojana. This scheme will now be rolled-out by the office of the CM Rekha Gupta. Under this scheme, the central government will provide Rs. 5 lacs to the residents of Delhi. The CM office will distribute an additional Rs. 5 lacs after the distribution of the sum by the central government.

People of Delhi and the opposition are currently being the watchdog of the activities of the new CM. Their perspectives formed from their observations will decide the fate of BJP. Any undesired activity by this government would impact its reputation. Its consequences could be worse and the party would suffer in the long-term.

Gloomy Lives of Displaced Palestinians

Millions of displaced Palestinians are suffering the consequences of the Israel-Hamas war. Their lives are most affected by this deadly conflict as it causes them endless difficulties. Because of this conflict, these people are struggling to meet their ends and losing their loved ones every day. Their crises seem to be never-ending. All of their difficulties are the results of Israeli retaliation of Hamas’s October 7, 2023 attack.

In the name of killing the militants of Hamas, Israel is continuously taking the lives of the innocent people of Palestine. So far, more than 46000 people, including women and children have been killed in the 15-month conflict of the Israel-Hamas War. To take their lives, the hostile nation of Israel dropped powerful bombs and destroyed schools and hospitals where Palestinians were sheltering. It appears that Palestinians are being targeted every day, and because of this, they live in fear constantly. Their fear is of losing their mothers, fathers, children, brothers and sisters. It can happen to them at any time of the day and their minds are prepared for it.

On top of that, they have to face trouble in arranging food and water for their families because Israel has blocked all aid from various charitable organizations. This enemy nation has even stopped humanitarian aid from different sources. As a result, they cannot get any relief from their miseries.

This Palestinian man has arranged various means from available resources to cook food for himself and his family.

Cold weather and heavy rain are increasing their difficulties as the displaced Palestinians have to deal with their flooded makeshift shelters. They are struggling to save their children from contaminated waters and deadly diseases. Moreover, the chilly weather has become a challenge as they have limited resources to keep themselves warm. It has even caused several babies to die from hypothermia recently.

These brothers in the image above have collected contaminated flood waters for different purposes that include cooking food. It aches the heart on the thought that they are not even getting clean waters for consumption. The struggle of such Palestinians seems to continue throughout their lives but the recent Israel-Hamas agreement raised some hopes for their gloomy lives.

Benjamin Netanyahu and Sheikh Tamim Bin Hamad Al Thani of Qatar held discussions on this agreement that include several negotiations. In these negotiations, Hamas would release 33 hostages during the first phase of the agreement. In return, Israel would remove its troops from populated areas of Gaza. It would also release around 100 Palestinian prisoners and allow displaced people in the southern areas of Gaza to return to their homes in northern areas. Israel has also maintained that these people would walk on foot only via the coastal road. They are permitted to travel on their cars, animal-drawn carts and trucks only through a passage adjacent to Salah al-Din Road. This road will even be monitored by an X-ray machine operated by a Qatari-Egyptian technical security team.

Israel is still firm on Palestinians as evidenced from the agreement that Israeli forces will remain in the Philadelphia corridor and maintain a buffer zone of 800 meters along the eastern and northern borders of Gaza in the first phase of the agreement which will last 42 days. Israel is showing its hostility to the people of Palestine and is continuing to mistreat them. Its aim is to finish them and wipe-out Palestine from the World Map. The hostile nation is supported strongly by the US and other countries.

Because of such support, Israel has agreed to release 1000 Palestinian prisoners who are serving their sentences for several years. Many of them are being captured for more than 15 years. It has reached this agreement on the condition that Hamas will release 34 Israeli hostages.

The complete release of these hostages and Palestinian prisoners would bring a great amount of reprieve for the civilians of Gaza that they are returning to their normal lives. These civilians are now hopeful of only meeting their basic needs. They do not expect anything from their lives now. One Abu Kmail said: “I am not interested in political matters and who will rule Gaza, but we want a fair administration that will rebuild the future of Gaza and restore stability and security, because we and the people here are very tired.”

Such Palestinians will live their moments of joy if the ceasefire deal becomes a success. Thousands of them will be able to receive humanitarian aids from different sources across the world. Their cities will be reconstructed and they will get proper infrastructure. This means all of their amenities will be restored. It is uncertain whether this ceasefire deal would bring such positive changes but we can still expect that it would impact the war and its crises in a better way.

Lockdown Blues

Our life’s inevitable halt in the year 2020 has left us in such a state of perplexion that we foresee our future bleak. We have been troubleshot by the complexity in decision-making because the forever notion of life being unpredictable has gripped our life completely. The fear of lockdown relapse has overshadowed our wedding, education, and job plans for the coming years. Our future is in blackout with a little ray of hope to see the normal life again.

The time is testing our patience as to how long we can maintain our positive attitude and never give up trying. We still have to emphasize on how to lead a peaceful life. This battle against time can be won if we decide to keep our head high and strengthen motives to achieve our dreams. The lockdown has not snatched our freedom to dream high.

Travel Jeopardy

The world today has become a global village in which people irrespective of nationalities reside in one place. We have become undivided though we are still separate from each other religiously, culturally, geographically. We are now related to one other. A large number of people in far-flung places get affected by anything in a single period. What happens to India will usually reach the United States.

Continents were not connected technologically in the early centuries. They were separated from each other as if there is another distinct world within the earth. Natives were not aware of other places. Nobody knew that expedition is possible and treasurable. Resources that could be gathered from distant locations were unknown to them. This is reasonable as traveling was not possible during those times. There were no modes of transport so how can such discoveries be made?

The ultimate realization by people in the production of transportation mechanisms led to the beginning of the transformation in their lives. It opened opportunities to make a livelihood from it. Transport enabled them to trade. It slowly began to connect China and India and then gradually the rest of the world. Traveling earlier was only possible on land but now it can easily be done via air and water.

The man travels for several reasons. Business, vacation, family visits are some of the most common reasons. The modes of transport like airbus and trains have made traveling easy and reduced the amount of time. This is one of the reasons that people from all races are found everywhere in the world. For instance, in the US, Indians, Chinese, Malaysian, and citizens from almost every nation live and work together. An Arabic can be seen on the streets of India because he might have to visit his relative. It has become in contrast to the early days when only a particular community resides in their native place. No foreigner is found in their city or country.

The ease of movement has also made possible the widely apparent transmission of diseases globally. Any person who travels to a foreign place carries with him diseases that can be transmissible. The chances are very low when infected persons stay at one place as had happened in the early days a disease lived in a boundary. Nowadays, diseases spread incessantly and cannot be curbed easily. There is no ending to it. Thus, causing an increase in the risk of infection. Every person from any part of the world can be infected at the same time by one disease. More than dozens of diseases today infect every individual and claim their lives.

It can be observed that traveling is one of the crucial factors in the spread of diseases. The travelers unknowingly bring the germs along with them and thus affect the city in which they roam. This does not conclude that one should not travel. Everyone deserves to add colors to their life. Because of the current and permanent situation of the aggressive spread of diseases, we need to be cautious while traveling. Taking precautions is the most accurate measure to free this world of the diseases.

Trusting the world

We often tend to trust a person we love with regard to the fact that it gets reciprocated. This is natural. This is not our mistake. We too have our right to trust our loved ones. There is no point in distrusting the person we love if he loves you back. We trust him blindly. We do not feel the need to be cautious of that person. It becomes impossible to listen negatively about him. It could be anyone-father, mother, brother, sister, spouse. Their love for us is pure. It is not a mixture of hatred, jealousy, or any kind of ill-feeling. These people will love us unconditionally. They will never demand anything no matter how much we hurt them.

When we trust our loved ones, it becomes important to be careful about our feelings. Our mistakes are not realized until we commit them. We trust him unconditionally that we become enthusiastic to share our life with him. The thought of suspicions does not cross our minds. This cannot be contemplated that our trust can be broken anytime. We cannot get acknowledged about him not being trustworthy. The idea of him being wrong to you becomes unexpected. This becomes a blow to our lives.

The trust gets shattered into crystals. It cannot be glued again. The possibility to win back that trust becomes nil. This becomes injurious to our lives. We start to view every person with suspicion. The friend we are spending time with might be laughing at us behind our backs. The whole of life becomes miserable. It becomes difficult to live peacefully.

The lesson we learn is that we should be reserved for our feelings. We cannot share everything with anyone. The future is uncertain. It is not known when we can be blamed for our mistakes. The mistake of feeling belonging to him. We do not have control over anything. We cannot assume what might our loved one been thinking. It is important to keep our feelings to ourselves because the world is selfish. It is judgemental. They will judge you, laugh at you, alienate you.

COVID-19

India is fortunate enough to control the disease in time because it is one among the last few countries that are hit by the novel coronavirus. Majority of Indians started to take precautions as the news of the high number of deaths reached their ears. The total lockdown, to some extent, has been successful in tackling the fatal micro-organism. Though the cases are surging every day yet our situation thankfully did not become equal to the U.S, the U.K and other European countries. The situation could not be controlled by China in the first hand because it was the first country to be hit by the crisis. Its seriousness was not understood until there was a rise in a number of casualties. However, draconian measures were to be implemented if the epidemic has to be extirpated completely. And that implementation was a success. The number of negative COVID-19 cases were widely apparent in China. But, countries like Italy, the UK, and the U.S, which were severely hit by coronavirus after China overlooked the situation. They were not making themselves prepared for the worst that has happened. They did not decide to go on complete lockdown and now they are suffering the consequences.

COVID-19 is an extremely contagious and transmissible virus. It can be very easily spread through droplets while we sneeze, or by a subconscious touch on the steel. The virus today is getting so powerful that it is trapping a whole community of people. Every second person is getting contaminated in a minute. Getting yourself isolated at home for a few weeks can be very effective in combating the virus. The community does not always have wise people. Some will act recklessly because of which the whole community would suffer. In such circumstances, it becomes substantial for the government to interfere and impose restrictions. The lockdown activated by the Indian Government has proven to be beneficial in some sense as the healthcare system was able to provide great assistance at the hour of need. But as the present scenario depicts the rising number of cases, the system has to become advanced for the next few months. The facilities have to be arranged so adequately that the outbreak could be tackled easily. This demands time and lockdown for several weeks has to be implemented for the government to make arrangements.

Moreover, it is challenging for the authorities to deal with people’s ignorance regarding the severity of the situation. It is substantially needed to make people aware of the performance and consequences of coronavirus. They should be reminded every day that maintaining a distance is more important these days than a social gathering. if the lockdown is sustained for more than a couple of months, there will be an insurgency of famine-like environment. There is no way than to cooperate with the government if life has to be returned to normalcy. This pandemic has to be taken seriously as we are afraid to lose our loved ones, especially our grandparents. The old people are very difficult to convince them of self-quarantine. It is the responsibility of those who are fit, by God’s grace, to make sure they remain at home. It is time to realize that we need to act diligently towards those who are suffering from a weak immune system. This is the time to get unified and save mankind.

Humans and Nature

nature red forest leaves

Nature plays a key role in defining the circumstances of our lives. Our lives revolve around acts of nature. It is responsible for constant changes in our lives. The schedule of the day we plan is totally different from the schedule nature plans. And in this game of plan, nature governs us. We are not aware of what nature has in hold for us. Will it destroy our lives completely or cherish it? That is unknown to us. We are not left with any option but to accept whatever it has done to us. If it has destroyed our lives, we have to wind up the mess. Our fight with nature is continuous and futile. Hence, giving meaning to life.

It depends on us how we react to what nature bestows upon us. If it rains many people enjoy while others dislike it. People enjoy rain because they love the cold drops falling on their body. They love the smell of wet mud. These people are usually thankful for nature. They usually possess a lively and cheerful nature. I personally like these kinds of people. They enjoy their lives. Whereas, there are people who do not like rain because it brings failure to execute their plans of the day. Such people I believe have a dull personality. They always want to remain gloomy and grave. They miss the opportunity to enjoy life when it rains. In my case, I really love what nature showers upon me. By that I mean, I love when it rains. I live in India where we do not observe the fall season. However, I frequently look at photos of the trees changing themselves to different colours. I love how they change themselves to different beautiful hues. It is my dream to witness the fall season once in my life. I even have never witnessed the snowfall in my region. I again look at the photographs of the snow-covered ground and wonder to play on it.

Nature makes the earth beautiful and that is its positive side. Where it adds colours to our lives, in the other half, it brings darkness to life. Nature can take life too. My heart aches when people get drowned by floods caused by heavy rains. I get goosebumps when I imagine how people must have struggled to breathe beneath the debris after a deadly earthquake. Nature sometimes becomes cruel. Thousands of people lose their food, money, shelter, their loved ones. I believe this to be the test by God. It is the test of their deep faith. If we have deep faith in God, there is nothing that can affect us. We get the courage to fight against the calamity. It is the attitude we inherit to face it. Either we set our mindset that God is with us and never let anything effect us or we give up. Things will effect and destroy us if we do not adopt this positive mindset.

Thus, we have a profound relationship with nature. This relationship cannot be finished by us.We are dependent on it. We should accept whatever nature brings upon us. The famous Jean-Paul Satre in his text “Existentialism and Human Emotions”, argued that the choices we make construct the essence of our lives. We are born without the essence. But it is the choice that develops our personality. In the same way, how we deal with nature is totally in our hands. And that makes us an extraordinary person.